Would you have known that East Texas and Western Louisiana were among the top lumber producers in the early 20th century? It would probably be less of a surprise that owners were hostile to the demands of their workers and to attempts to organize the labor force. Through the Brotherhood of Timber Workers, Industrial Workers of the World (which had successfully organized diverse groups in New England textile mills) was successful in unionizing an interracial work force but could not survive the violence meted out by owners.